⚗️ Chemistry Volume to Mass

Select a chemical substance and enter the volume to calculate its mass:

m = V × ρ
Mass = Volume × Density
Leave blank for standard conditions (25°C)

⚗️ Chemistry Density Reference

Density is a fundamental property in chemistry that relates mass to volume. Different substances have different densities, which is crucial for laboratory work and chemical calculations.

🧪 Common Laboratory Chemicals

💧 Water
H₂O
1.000 g/mL
🍶 Ethanol
C₂H₅OH
0.789 g/mL
🧴 Acetone
C₃H₆O
0.784 g/mL
🏭 Methanol
CH₃OH
0.791 g/mL
⚠️ HCl (37%)
HCl
1.190 g/mL
🧴 NaOH (30%)
NaOH
2.130 g/mL
⚠️ H₂SO₄ (98%)
H₂SO₄
1.840 g/mL
⚗️ Mercury
Hg
13.546 g/mL

🛡️ Laboratory Safety Notes

• Always wear appropriate PPE (gloves, goggles, lab coat)
• Work in fume hood for volatile or toxic substances
• Check MSDS for specific chemical hazards
• Verify density values for concentrated solutions
• Temperature affects density - measure at specified conditions
• Use calibrated equipment for accurate measurements

🔬 Understanding Density

📏 What is Density?

Density = Mass ÷ Volume
Units: g/mL or g/cm³
Specific to each substance
Temperature dependent
Changes with concentration

⚖️ Mass vs Weight

Mass is constant
Weight varies with gravity
Laboratory uses mass
Balance measures mass
Consistent measurements

🌡️ Temperature Effects

Most liquids expand when heated
Density decreases with temperature
Standard conditions: 25°C
Corrections may be needed
Important for precision

🧪 Concentration Matters

Solutions have different densities
Depends on solute concentration
Aqueous solutions vary
Organic solvents differ
Check specific values

📊 Laboratory Applications

🧫 Solution Preparation

Calculate reagent masses
Prepare accurate concentrations
Molarity calculations
Serial dilutions
Quality control

⚗️ Stoichiometry

Reactant mass calculations
Product yield predictions
Limiting reagent determination
Theoretical vs actual yields
Reaction efficiency

🔍 Analytical Chemistry

Specific gravity measurements
Density gradient centrifugation
Quality assurance testing
Material identification
Process control

🏭 Industrial Processes

Large-scale production
Process optimization
Quality control
Raw material specifications
Efficiency calculations

🧮 Unit Conversions

📏 Volume Units

1 L = 1000 mL
1 mL = 1 cm³
1 dm³ = 1 L
1 m³ = 1000 L
Consistent conversions

⚖️ Mass Units

1 kg = 1000 g
1 g = 1000 mg
1 lb = 453.592 g
1 oz = 28.35 g
Standard conversions

📊 Density Units

g/mL = g/cm³
kg/L = g/mL ÷ 1000
lb/ft³ conversions
SI unit conversions
Industry standards

🌍 Global Standards

SI units preferred
Historical units still used
Conversion factors essential
Precision requirements
Regulatory compliance

🎓 Educational Context

📚 Learning Objectives

Understand density concept
Practice unit conversions
Apply mathematical formulas
Work with significant figures
Develop laboratory skills

🔬 Laboratory Skills

Accurate measurements
Proper equipment use
Data recording
Calculations verification
Error analysis

🧠 Critical Thinking

Problem-solving approach
Result validation
Source verification
Alternative methods
Practical applications

💼 Professional Skills

Technical communication
Documentation standards
Quality assurance
Safety protocols
Industry best practices